Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology (PM365)
About This Course
This course provides a basic study of the structure and function of the human body. Topics include a basic study of the body systems as well as an introduction to homeostasis, cells, tissues, nutrition, acid-base balance, and electrolytes. Upon completion, students should be able to demonstrate a basic understanding of the fundamental principles of anatomy and physiology and their interrelationships. Laboratory exercises include specific organ dissections and observations of physiology.
Course Objectives
Upon completion of this course, the student will demonstrate basic knowledge in the following:
- Basic anatomical characteristics in each of the organ systems
- Basic functional characteristics in each of the organ systems
- Homeostatic and functional interrelationship between the organ systems.
Material Includes
- Seeley, R. R., Stephens, T. D., and Tate, P. Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2007.
- Patton, K. T. Laboratory Manual to Accompany Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology. 7th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2007.
Curriculum
8 Lessons
Week 1: Introduction: Terminology
A. Anatomical positions
B. Directional planes
C. Body cavities
Week 1: Chemistry
A. Basic inorganic chemistry
B. Basic biochemistry
Week 1: Cells
A. Structure and function
B. Transport
C. Mitosis and meiosis
Week 2: Primary Tissues
A. Epithelial tissues
B. Connective tis-sues, cartilage and bone.
C. Glands - exocrine versus endocrine
D. Muscle tissues
E. Nervous tissues
Week 3: Integumentary System
A. Dermis and epidermis
B. Functions of the integumentary system
Week 3: Skeletal System
A. Bone development and growth
B. Axial and appendicular skeletal bones
C. Articulations
Week 4: Muscular System
A. Characteristics of smooth, cardiac and skeletal muscles
B. Physiology of muscular contraction
C. Neuromuscular junction and chemotransmission
D. Types of movement
Week 5 – 6: Nervous system
A. Mechanics of neural impulse; reflex arcs
B. Synaptic chemotransmission
C. Central nervous system
1) Structure and function of the brain
2) Structure and function of the spinal cord
D. Peripheral nervous system
1) Cranial nerves
2) Spinal nerves
3) Neurosensory and neuromotor pathways
E. Autonomic nervous system
1) Sympathetic division
2) Parasympathetic division
Week 7: Sensory Organs
A. Types of receptors
B. Eye
C. Ear
Week 8: Endocrine System
A. Hypothalamus - negative feedback mechanisms
B. Pituitary hormones
C. Thyroid and parathyroid functions.
D. Adrenal cortical and medullary hormones
E. Gonadal hormones
F. Pancreatic hormones
Week 9: Cardiovascular system
A. Cardiac structure and function
B. Systemic and pulmonary circulations
C. Blood and lymph
D. Cardiac control and vasomotor reflex mechanisms
E. Lymphatic system and reticulo-endothelial system
Week 10: Revision and Midterm
Week 11: Immunity
A. Innate immunity
B. Adaptive immunity
C. Acquired immunity
Week 11: Respiratory System
A. Pulmonary anatomy
B. Ventilation, diffusion, perfusion and gas transport
C. Neural and chemical regulation
Week 12: Digestive system
A. Anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract
B. Physiology of digestion and absorption
C. Accessory digestive organs
D. Metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
E. Vitamins and minerals; nutrition
Week 12: Excretory System
A. Nephron and renal anatomy
B. Urine formation and regulation - glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion
Week 13: Homeostasis of body fluids
A. Regulation of fluid balance
B. Regulation of electrolyte balance
C. Regulation of pH - respiratory and urinary compensation
Week 13: Reproductive systems and embryology
A. Male reproductive system
B. Female reproductive system
C. Embryonic and fetal development
D. Genetics
Week 14: Revision
Week 15: Finals
Free
Enrollment validity:
190 days
